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What is a .PAN file?
A *.pan file is a file extension of the PVSYST software which groups all the characteristics of the panel, notably electrical, in order to simulate the production of a PV system as a whole. These files are usually available from manufacturers. We can ...
What is Vmpp?
Vmpp is the voltage of the module at the maximum power point. At this point the module produces the most possible amount of electrical power for the actual radiation. Similar to the open circuit voltage, the maximum power voltage depends mostly on ...
What is an EL test?
Electroluminescence is a non-destructive inspection based on the following principle: when a PV cell is subjected to a current, it emits radiation in the infrared range. Using a suitable camera, it is possible to perceive this radiation and thus ...
What is PERC?
ERC is a high-efficiency cell technology widely produced today, whether in poly, monolike or monocrystalline. The major innovation is the addition of an anti-reflection layer and a dielectric layer on the back of the cell which acts as a "mirror" and ...
What is Tier1?
BloombergNEF has developed a tiering system for PV module makers based on bankability, to create a transparent differentiation between the hundreds of manufacturers of solar modules on the market. Since this basic categorization has been used as an ...